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Sahara

為了解決Famous grassland的問題，作者De Villiers, Marq/ Hirtle, Sheila 這樣論述：

In the parched and seemingly lifeless heart of the Sahara desert, earthworms find enough moisture to survive. Four major mountain ranges interrupt the flow of dunes and gravel plains, and at certain times waterfalls cascade from their peaks. Even the sand amazes: massive dunes can appear almost over

night, and be gone just as quickly. We think we know the Sahara, the largest and most austere desert on Earth-yet it is full of surprises, as Marq de Villiers reveals in his brilliant and evocative biography of the land and its people."If you traveled across the United States from Boston to San Dieg

o, you still wouldn't have crossed the Sahara," writes de Villiers, painting a vivid picture of this most extraordinary place. He charts the course of Atlantic hurricanes, many of which are born in the Tibesti Mountains of northern Chad, and offers a fascinating disquisition on the physics of windbl

own sand and the formation of dunes. He chronicles the formation of the massive aquifers that lie beneath the desert, some filled with water that pre-dates the appearance of modern man on Earth. He marvels at the jagged mountains and at ancient cave paintings deep in the desert, which reveal that th

e Sahara was a verdant grassland 10,000 years ago-a cycle that has been repeated several times. Woven through de Villiers's story is a chronicle of the desert's nations and people: the Berbers and Arabs of the north; its black African south, whose ancestors peopled the greatest empires of Old Africa

; and the extraordinary nomads-the Moors, the Tuareg (the famous "blue men"), and the Tubu-who call the desert home today. Illuminated by the eloquent written testimonies of past travelers, Sahara is a glittering geographic tour conveying the majesty, mystery, and abundance of life in what the outs

ide world thinks of as the Great Emptiness.

Famous grassland進入發燒排行的影片

亞熱帶森林生態系附生植物營養限制之研究

為了解決Famous grassland的問題，作者甘浩廷 這樣論述：

限制生態系初級生力的因子相當多，除了降雨和溫度之外，營養元素也是常見影響森林生態系生產力的重要因子，溫帶及熱帶地區已有相當多營養限制相關的研究，這些研究指出溫帶森林初級生產力主要受到氮的限制，而熱帶森林則是受到磷的限制；然而亞熱帶地區森林之營養限制卻鮮少有實驗研究，使我們對於全球生態系之營養循環尚未有全面的了解。此外亞熱帶、熱帶地區森林富含多樣的附生植物，其所含的營養占森林總營養相當大的一部分，為森林營養循環中重要的一環，然而附生植物是否與一般地生植物有著相同的營養限制，而可作為森林生態系營養限制之指標物種，我們無從得知。本研究於亞熱帶氣候的台灣福山試驗林，採集台灣巢蕨及巢蕨，及地生與附生之

腎蕨，共三種植物種植於溫室內，並透過施肥實驗，添加氮、磷、及加氮又加磷及未施肥之控制組，共四種處理，觀察附生植物地上部生物量的增益，以檢驗附生植物受哪項營養元素所影響；同時觀察不同生長方式腎蕨地上部生物量是否有差異，以評估附生植物之營養限制是否和地生植物一樣，進而做為亞熱帶森林營養限制之指標。實驗結果顯示，施肥處理對兩巢蕨之地上部生物量變化皆有顯著的影響，以巢蕨而言，加氮加磷組的地上部生物量變化顯著高於加氮組、控制組，以加磷組的地上部生物量變化增加最少；而台灣巢蕨同樣以加氮加磷處理組的地上部生物量變化高於加氮組，並高於其他兩處理組。附生型腎蕨的檢測結果顯示三種肥料添加方式之間沒有顯著的差異，但

均顯著的高於控制組的地上部生物量變化；地生型腎蕨地上部生物量變化則是以加磷處理組顯著的高於加氮加磷組並高於加氮與控制組。由上述結果可見，台灣亞熱帶地區森林內附生植物的營養限制在不同物種間並不一致，且並非受到單一元素所限制，可能同時受到氮、磷兩元素限制其生長。而本次的實驗結果也顯示，地生與附生生長類型之植被有著相同之營養限制。