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Composition & Photography: Creating Structure Using Forms and Patterns

為了解決Internal discussion的問題，作者 這樣論述：

Own composition, use composition, and make composition your own in your photographs!Of all the magical elixirs that make up a successful photograph, composition is perhaps the most fundamental, and at the same time the most elusive. What makes a composition ＂good＂? It’s hard to define exactly, bu

t we instinctively recognize good composition when we see it. There is an undeniable emotional response when a composition resonates with and complements the subject matter of an image.But traditional attempts to define ＂good composition＂ and to pass on rules for good compositional construction are

often doomed to failure. The truth is, there are no hard and fast rules. Rules eliminate experimentation and spontaneity, which are crucial for creating compelling, dynamic, and exciting compositions. The best compositions contain an element of the unexpected. ＂Expect the unexpected!＂ is perhaps the

only viable ＂rule＂ of composition. To create exciting compositions, you must have a willingness to embrace serendipity and change as part of your artistic practice. After all, composition is a process, not a result.In Composition & Photography, photographer and bestselling author Harold Davis t

eaches you how to perceive patterns and abstractions and incorporate them into your image-making process. If one of the goals of photography is to show viewers things that are new, or things they haven’t seen before, or things they have seen many times but need to see anew, then it’s with the though

tful and considered use of composition that you do that.In this book, you’ll learn how to reduce your subject matter to the fundamentals, and to show familiar subjects in unfamiliar, novel ways. Harold covers topics and themes such as: ▪ Lines and circles ▪ Rectangles ▪ Combinations ▪ Repetition ▪

Symmetry and asymmetry ▪ Abstraction ▪ Entering and exiting ▪ Vanishing points and perspective ▪ Emphasis ▪ Designing within a frame ▪ Creating order from chaosComposition & Photography will help you find the tools and visual vocabulary to creatively design your photographs. Regardless of the ge

nre and kind of photography you practice, you’ll learn to create powerful compositions that incorporate structure and form into your work in ways that best support your images. Along the way, Harold shows and discusses his own work relating to each compositional element or theme he’s exploring. And

featured throughout the book are exercises about flexibility and process, designed to spur your creativity and help you begin an internal creative discussion.＂My goal as a photography teacher and writer about photography is to inspire and to help you become the best and most creative photographer an

d image-maker that you can be.＂ ―Harold Davis＂Harold Davis is a force of nature―a man of astonishing eclectic skills and accomplishments.＂ ―Rangefinder Magazine

Environmental Endocrinology and Endocrine Disruptors: Endocrine and Endocrine-Targeted Actions and Related Human Diseases

為了解決Internal discussion的問題，作者 這樣論述：

This book describes how exposure to various classes of endocrine disruptors, as well as other environmental chemicals targeting the endocrine system by alternative non-endocrine mechanisms, impact on endocrinological and endocrinological-related diseases. It includes comprehensive reviews of all asp

ects of environmental endocrinology, ranging from sources and patterns of exposure and identification of endocrine targets to direct endocrine disruptive mechanisms and indirect actions on the endocrine system, the latter including endocrine cell-directed cytotoxicity, oxidative damage, and genetic

and epigenetic aberrations resulting in endocrine damage. It also examines the causal pathways and offers an extensive overview of downstream endocrinological and endocrinological-related disorders. In addition, several chapters focus on transgenerational actions, which are a topic of particular int

erest. Lastly, evidence from preclinical and clinical studies provides the basis for an in-depth, critical discussion of each topic. Prof. Rosario Pivonello is Associate Professor of Endocrinology at ＂Federico II＂ University of Naples, Italy. In 2003, he received a PhD in Neuropsychopharmacology a

nd Toxicology at ＂Federico II＂ University, and in 2005 a PhD in Internal Medicine (Basic and Clinical Endocrinology) at Erasmus University, in Rotterdam, The Netherlands, focusing his research on the role of dopaminergic system in pituitary and adrenal tumors. His major clinical interest and scienti

fic research production include pituitary and adrenal diseases, with a focus on Cushing’s syndrome, for which he is recognized as expert by the scientific community. He is principal investigator of international multicenter studies on Cushing’s syndrome, acromegaly and adrenal diseases, and of natio

nal research projects in endocrinology, funded by the Italian Ministry of University and Research (MIUR) and Italian Ministry of Health (MoH). In the last decade, his clinical and research interests include the study of andrology and sexual medicine. In 2011 he pursued a Master in Andrology and Sexu

al Medicine at University of Florence, Italy and in 2016 a Master in Andrology and Seminology at ＂La Sapienza＂ University of Rome, Italy. He is Director of the ＂FERTISEXCARES＂, Centre of Andrology and Medicine of Male and Female Reproduction and Sexuality (Excellence Centre of the Italian Society of

Andrology and Sexual Medicine - SIAMS) at University Hospital ＂Federico II＂, and head of the homonym Intra-departmental program, and head of the Andrology program within the UNESCO Chair ＂Health Education an Sustainable Development＂, ＂Federico II＂ University (Chair coordinator Prof. Annamaria Colao

). His most recent clinical and research activity in the field of reproduction and fertility includes a national multicenter observational study (GONADIS) on gonadal status and reproductive and sexual function in patients of both sexes with pituitary and adrenal disorders, of which he is the coordin

ator, and regional research projects in andrology, funded by Campania Regional Government, of which he is the principal investigator.He got several national and international Committee Membership and Editorship. Presently, he is member of the Executive Committee of the European Neuroendocrine Associ

ation (ENEA) (2016 to date). He is coordinator of the Scientific Committee (2018 to date) and has been coordinator of the ＂Drugs＂ Committee (2017-2019), member of Scientific Committee (2010-2012), and member of Executive Committee (2012-2016) in the Italian Society of Andrology and Sexual Medicine (

SIAMS). In the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE), he is member of the Scientific Committee (2017 to date) and coordinator of the SIE Club ＂Endocrinology and Metabolism of Sport and Physical Exercise＂ (2018 to date). He is Associate Editor for Frontiers in Endocrinology, section of ＂Pituitary En

docrinology＂ (2017 to date), and Editorial Board Member for the International Journal of Molecular Sciences, section ＂Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism＂ (2019 to date). Moreover, he is member of the Register of Expert Peer Reviewers for Italian Scientific Evaluation (MIUR-REPRISE) (2015 to date

) and expert peer reviewer of Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (2016 to date), German Research Foundation. Among the academic achievement, he is member of the Committee of Lecturers for the PhD in ＂La Sapienza＂ University and faculty member of PhD courses at ＂Federico II＂ University. He is auth

or of more than 330 scientific publications . His h-index is 61; Citations: 11468 (Scopus) https: //www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=7005921464. He is ranked in the Italian Top Scientist List: http: //www.topitalianscientists.org/top_italian_scientists_VIA Academy.aspx?Cerca=Rosario%20Pivon

ello Dr.Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis is emeritus professor of Internal Medicine & Endocrinology and Chairman of the Department of Εndocrinology & Diabetes at HYGEIA HOSPITAL in Athens. She received her MD from Medical School of Athens and her PhD in experimental Endocrinology on the effects of andro

gens in hypophysectomised rats, from the same University. Her training in Internal Medicine took place in England (1974-1980), and in Endocrinology- Diabetes, Metabolism & Obesity in USA (1980-1986). Her research interests have focused for the last 25 years on clinical, molecular and environmental a

spects of metabolic & hormonal abnormalities in obesity Diabetes and Polycystic ovarian syndrome. This work has generated 187 publications with approx. 17000 citations, classifying her among the 27 best Greek scientists worldwide and the first Greek woman endocrinologist among them. She has been awa

rded as the best teacher in endocrinology in Greece for three consecutive years, in 2016, 2017 and 2018, after undisclosed vote of young endocrinologists in Greece. On 22 May 2017 at the European Congress of Endocrinology in Lisbon, the European Society of Endocrinology awarded her with the ＂HORMONE

MEDAL of European Endocrinology Societies＂ for her outstanding contribution in the field of Endocrinology and Metabolism, among 49 candidates from all European Endocrinology societies. She is the inspirator and organizer of the COMBO ENDO original training international course, taking place yearly

in Athens Greece. Dr. Diamanti-Kandarakis has been invited by the international academic community as a speaker and Tutor and has given more than 250 lectures, literally around the globe (Europe, Asia, Africa, North & South America).

An Integrated Approach For Uncovering Novel DNA Methylation Biomarkers For Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma

為了解決Internal discussion的問題，作者VAIBHAV KUMAR SUNKARIA 這樣論述：

Introduction - Lung cancer is one of primal and ubiquitous cause of cancer related fatalities in the world. Leading cause of these fatalities is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a proportion of 85%. The major subtypes of NSCLC are Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and Lung Small Cell Carcinoma (LUS

C). Early-stage surgical detection and removal of tumor offers a favorable prognosis and better survival rates. However, a major portion of 75% subjects have stage III/IV at the time of diagnosis and despite advanced major developments in oncology survival rates remain poor. Carcinogens produce wide

spread DNA methylation changes within cells. These changes are characterized by globally hyper or hypo methylated regions around CpG islands, many of these changes occur early in tumorigenesis and are highly prevalent across a tumor type.Structure - This research work took advantage of publicly avai

lable methylation profiling resources and relevant comorbidities for lung cancer patients extracted from meta-analysis of scientific review and journal available at PubMed and CNKI search which were combined systematically to explore effective DNA methylation markers for NSCLC. We also tried to iden

tify common CpG loci between Caucasian, Black and Asian racial groups for identifying ubiquitous candidate genes thoroughly. Statistical analysis and GO ontology were also conducted to explore associated novel biomarkers. These novel findings could facilitate design of accurate diagnostic panel for

practical clinical relevance.Methodology - DNA methylation profiles were extracted from TCGA for 418 LUAD and 370 LUSC tissue samples from patients compared with 32 and 42 non-malignant ones respectively. Standard pipeline was conducted to discover significant differentially methylated sites as prim

ary biomarkers. Secondary biomarkers were extracted by incorporating genes associated with comorbidities from meta-analysis of research articles. Concordant candidates were utilized for NSCLC relevant biomarker candidates. Gene ontology annotations were used to calculate gene-pair distance matrix fo

r all candidate biomarkers. Clustering algorithms were utilized to categorize candidate genes into different functional groups using the gene distance matrix. There were 35 CpG loci identified by comparing TCGA training cohort with GEO testing cohort from these functional groups, and 4 gene-based pa

nel was devised after finding highly discriminatory diagnostic panel through combinatorial validation of each functional cluster.Results – To evaluate the gene panel for NSCLC, the methylation levels of SCT(Secritin), FOXD3(Forkhead Box D3), TRIM58(Tripartite Motif Containing 58) and TAC1(Tachikinin

1) were tested. Individually each gene showed significant methylation difference between LUAD and LUSC training cohort. Combined 4-gene panel AUC, sensitivity/specificity were evaluated with 0.9596, 90.43%/100% in LUAD; 0.949, 86.95%/98.21% in LUSC TCGA training cohort; 0.94, 85.92%/97.37 in GEO 66

836; 0.91,89.17%/100% in GEO 83842 smokers; 0.948, 91.67%/100% in GEO83842 non-smokers independent testing cohort. Our study validates SCT, FOXD3, TRIM58 and TAC1 based gene panel has great potential in early recognition of NSCLC undetermined lung nodules. The findings can yield universally accurate

and robust markers facilitating early diagnosis and rapid severity examination.